Congenital Heart Defect

About- Congenital heart disease, or a congenital heart defect, is a heart abnormality present at birth and is a general term for a range of birth defects that affect the normal way the heart works. 

According to the Mayo Clinic, several types of congenital heart defects are
Atrial septal defect (ASD)
Atrioventricular canal defect
Bicuspid aortic valve
Coarctation of the aorta
Congenital mitral valve anomalies
 Double-outlet right ventricle
 Ebstein anomaly
 Eisenmenger syndrome
 Hypoplastic left heart syndrome
 Long QT syndrome
 Partial anomalous pulmonary venous return
 Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)
 Patent foramen ovale
 Pulmonary atresia
 Pulmonary valve stenosis
 Tetralogy of Fallot
 Total anomalous pulmonary venous return
 Transposition of the great arteries
 Tricuspid atresia
 Truncus arteriosus
 Vascular rings
 Ventricular septal defect (VSD)
 Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome  

Symptoms-

 Heart Arrhythmias
Chest pain
Cyanosis
Delayed growth
Dizziness
Edema
Extreme tiredness and fatigue
Fainting
Feeding difficulties
Low birth weight
Rapid breathing
Rapid heartbeat
Shortness of breath  

Causes-
Researchers aren't sure about the exact reasons but heredity may play a role.
 
Risk Factors

 A family history
Alcoholism and use of other drugs during pregnancy
Down's syndrome
Flu (Influenza) during pregnancy 
German measles (rubella)
Gestational diabetes
Noonan syndrome 
Side effects of certain medications
Smoking during pregnancy
Turner syndrome 
Type 1 diabetes 
Type 2 diabetes
Viral infection during pregnancy  

Complications

Heart Arrhythmias
Endocarditis
 Heart failure
 Heart valve problems
 Pulmonary hypertension
 Stroke

Specialists to Visit -
 Cardiologist

Pediatric Cardiologist

 Ask a question or view previous questions and answers on Congenital heart disease

References-
https://www.healthline.com
https://en.wikipedia.org
https://www.mayoclinic.org
https://www.stanfordchildrens.org
https://www.heart.org
https://www.webmd.com
https://www.nhs.uk
https://www.cdc.gov

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